Learn how to handle the “rm cannot remove file device or resource busy” error in Linux and Unix systems. Find out what causes this error and explore different methods to resolve it.
Understanding the Error Message
The error message “rm: cannot remove file – Device or Resource Busy” occurs when attempting to delete a file or directory that is currently in use or locked by another process. This message is indicative of the system’s inability to delete the file due to ongoing activity or processes associated with it.
Causes of the Error
Several reasons can lead to this error:
- Open Programs: The file might be actively used by a running program or process.
- File System Operations: Background processes or ongoing file system operations could be holding the file.
- Permissions: Insufficient permissions might prevent file deletion.
- Device or Resource Lock: The file might be locked due to system-level restrictions or device access.
Troubleshooting Steps
1. Identify the Process
Use the lsof command to identify which process is using the file:
lsof | grep <filename>It has a lot of options, so check the man page, but if you want to see all open files under a directory:
lsof +D /pathThat will recurse through the filesystem under /path, so beware doing it on large directory trees.
This command lists open files and the processes using them. It helps identify which process is holding onto the file, preventing its deletion.
2. Terminate Associated Process
Once you identify the process, you can terminate it using the kill command followed by the process ID (PID):
kill <PID>3. Check Permissions
Ensure you have sufficient permissions to delete the file. Use ls -l to view file permissions:
ls -l <filename>If permissions are the issue, use chmod to modify them:
chmod +w <filename>Then, try removing the file again using rm
5. Reboot the System
As a last resort, rebooting the system releases all file locks and clears processes. After rebooting, attempt to delete the file again using rm.
Conclusion
Encountering “rm: Cannot Remove File – Device or Resource Busy” can be frustrating, but understanding its causes and following these troubleshooting steps can help resolve the issue. Always ensure you have backups or take precautions before deleting important files to avoid accidental data loss.
Remember, identifying the process using the file, checking permissions, and performing necessary system actions like terminating processes or unmounting file systems can often resolve this error and allow for successful file deletion.
Hopefully, these steps will assist you in resolving the issue and enable you to delete the problematic file or directory without further complications.